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Tywardreath
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Tywardreath, (Cornish: Chi war Dreth), parish is situated in the Deanery and Hundred of Powder. It is bounded on the north by Luxulyan and Lanlivery, on the east by Golant (St Sampson) and Fowey, and on the south and west by the sea, Par harbour and the River Par, which separates it from St Austell and St Blazey. Tywardreath has suffered from a multitude of different spellings since it appeared in the Domeday Survey of 1086 as Tiwardrai. The name possibly means 'House on the strand' (O.J.Padel). It is located inland from Par Sands on the south coast of Cornwall. A Benedictine priory was established here soon after the Norman Conquest. The occupants however seemed more concerned with amassing wealth rather than spreading the word of God, and consequently received a reprimand from their bishop. The priory was eventually dismantled in 1540.
The village of Tywardreath lies on the Pilgrim's Way and through which many pilgrims passed on their way to Fowey for onward travel to holy shrines in southern Europe and the Holy Land. The parish has been closely associated with the Rashleigh family, some of whom lived here. Apart from Tywardreath, the villages are: Polkerris, Highway, Par, Polmear, Middleway Bridge, and Chapel Down. Tywardreath is now closely connected with the parish of Golant (St Sampson).
Most parish and church description(s) on these pages are from Lake's Parochial History of the County of Cornwall by J Polsue (Truro, 1867 - 1873)
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The Cornwall Family History Society have published Monumental Inscriptions for the Parish Church - 1176 entries, and the municipal cemetery.
Census information for this parish (1841 - 1901) is held in the Cornwall Record Office. The Cornwall Family History Society offers a census search service for its members.
Specific census information for this parish is available as follows:
- 1841. The 1841 Census of Tywardreath (HO107/146), Enumeration Districts 1 to 7, is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project.
- 1851. The 1851 Census of Tywardreath (HO107/1906) is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project as follows:
- 1861. The 1861 Census of Tywardreath is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project as follows:
- RG9/1545. Enumeration Districts 7, 8 [including Prisons], 9 and 10.
- RG9/1546. Enumeration Districts 11 and 12.
- 1871. The 1871 Census of Tywardreath is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project as follows:
- RG10/2258. Enumeration District 7.
- RG10/2259. Enumeration Districts 8 to 11.
- 1881. The 1881 Census of Tywardreath (RG11/2299), Enumeration Districts 7 to 11, is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project.
- 1891. The 1891 Census of Tywardreath (RG12/1821), Enumeration Districts 7 to 11, is available on-line from the Cornwall Online Census project.
- History. In around 1135, the parish church is located in OS Grid Square SX0854 and was dedicated to St Andrew by David Mageraghty, Archbishop of Armagh, on 30th July 1347. It comprises a chancel, nave, south aisle and north transept. The arcade has six semi-circular arches supported on monolith granite pillars. There are a south porch, a north door, a priest's door, and a vestry door. The tower, which was added in 1480, has four stages, and is finished with battlements only; it contains six bells. Apart from the Tower, the church was almost completely rebuilt in 1880, when an organ chamber was added and a new organ installed.
William Rashleigh built the chapel-of-ease at Tregaminion in 1815. - Non-Conformists. The Wesleyan Methodists built a large stone chapel in Tywardreath town in 1828, and another was located at Polkerris. The Bible Christians also built a chapel at Tywardreath in 1858; they had built another at Highway in 1841.
- LDS Church Records.
- The LDS Church batch numbers for Tywardreath are: C0533501, C021682, P0216681. These are searchable by surname.
- The IGI coverage for this parish is 1608 - 1875; it is NOT believed to be fully included in the LDS Church's International Genealogical Index (IGI).
- The Cornwall Record Office holdings: Baptisms 1642 - 1967, Burials 1642 - 1972, Marriages 1642 - 1975, Boyd's Marriage Index 1608 - 1812, Pallot's Marriage Index 1790 - 1812, BTs 1608 - 1673.
- The Cornwall Family History Society have published on-line transcripts of:
- Pre 1813 Marriages
- 1813-37 Marriages
- 1813-37 Burials
- Baptisms.
- Baptisms 1606 to 1636, and 1642 to 1911, for this parish are available on-line through the OPC search Facility - (C-PROP).
- The SOCIETY of FRIENDS (Quakers) - Christenings taken from Fowey Circuit Records, is available on-line, courtesy of the St Austell OPC. These include individuals from Tywardreath.
- The Cornish Forefathers' Society have published on CD baptisms 1715 to 1841 for this parish which can be purchased on Parish Chest.
- Marriages.
- The Cornwall Family History Society have published transcripts of: Marriages in the Parish 1642 to 1837, which is available in CD or downloadable .pdf file formats.
- Phillimore's marriages 1642 to 1812, and an index of marriages 1642 to 1837, in this parish are available on-line through the OPC search Facility - (C-PROP).
- Burials.
- Burials 1813 to 1922 for this parish are available on-line through the OPC search Facility - (C-PROP).
- The Cornwall Family History Society have published transcripts of: Burials in the Parish 1813 to 1837, which is available in Book and CD formats.
The parish of Tywardreath has been in the Registration District of St Austell continuously from 1st July 1837. There were sub-districts at Fowey, Grampound, Mevagissey and St Austell, but these have now been abolished. Parishes within the district are: Creed, Fowey, Gorran, Grampound, Mevagissey, Roche, St. Austell, St. Blazey, St. Dennis, St. Ewe, St. Mewan, St. Michael Carhays, St. Sampson, St. Stephen in Brannel, Tywardreath. The Superintendant Registrar can be contacted at: 12 Carlyon Road, St Austell, PL25 4LD. Tel: 01726 68974. Fax: 01726 68974.
- Photographs of Tywardreath are available on-line.
The National Gazetteer of Great Britain and Ireland - 1868
"TYWARDREATH, a parish in the E. division of Powder hundred, county Cornwall, 5 miles N. of St. Austell, its post town, 4 N.W. of Fowey, and 1¼ mile S.E. of St. Blazey. The village is situated on Ty wardreath Bay, under Greber Head, on the coast of the English Channel. The parish includes the hamlet of Parr. Petty sessions for the district are held on the first Monday in every month at the Porcupine Inn. In the vicinity are traces of the chapel, &c., of a Benedictine cell to Angiers Abbey, in France, founded by William Earl of Mortaigne, and refounded by William de Cardenham in 1190. This house continued till the Dissolution, when its revenue was valued at £123, and the site given to the Seymours. The substratum is productive of granite and tin ore. Many Roman coins of the Lower Empire have been discovered here. The living is a vicarage* with the curacy of Tregaminion annexed, in the diocese of Exeter, value £135. The church, dedicated to St. Andrew, contains several old tombs and a granite font. There is a chapel-of-ease erected by Mr. Rashley about half a mile from his seat, Menabilly House, also a National school for both sexes. The Wesleyans and Bible Christians have chapels. A horticultural exhibition, called the "Rural Gardens' Exhibition," is held in July, and a cattle fair is held on the 10th June."
- Ask for a calculation of the distance from Tywardreath to another place.
OPC Assistance. The On-line Parish Clerk (OPC) scheme operates a service to help family historians; the OPC page for this parish is available on-line.
The Domesday Settlements of Cornwall, a study undertaken by the Cornwall Branch of the Historical Association, has identified and located settlements listed in the Exeter and Exchequer Domesday Survey of AD 1086. The following places have been identified in Tywardreath ecclesiastical parish:
- Lanescot (Lisnestoch), Grid Reference 081555.
- Tywardreath (Tiwardrai), Grid Reference 085543.
- Map of the St Austell Registration district in which the parish lies.
You can see maps centred on OS grid reference SX088534 (Lat/Lon: 50.349361, -4.688839), Tywardreath which are provided by:
- OpenStreetMap
- Google Maps
- StreetMap (Current Ordnance Survey maps)
- Bing (was Multimap)
- Old Maps Online
- National Library of Scotland (Old Ordnance Survey maps)
- Vision of Britain (Click "Historical units & statistics" for administrative areas.)
- English Jurisdictions in 1851 (Unfortunately the LDS have removed the facility to enable us to specify a starting location, you will need to search yourself on their map.)
- Magic (Geographic information) (Click + on map if it doesn't show)
- GeoHack (Links to on-line maps and location specific services.)
- All places within the same township/parish shown on an Openstreetmap map.
- Nearby townships/parishes shown on an Openstreetmap map.
- Nearby places shown on an Openstreetmap map.
- Tywardreath parish was part of the St Austell Union for Poor Law administration and parish relief.
- Overseers' Accounts (1819 to 1837) are available in the Cornwall Record Office.
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The vicars of Tywardreath from AD 1261 are listed on a board inside the church.